Up from Slavery

This volume is dedicated to my Wife MRS. MARGARET JAMES WASHINGTON And to my Brother MR. JOHN H. WASHINGTON Whose patience, fidelity, and hard work have gone far to make the work at Tuskegee successful.

CONTENTS

Preface Introduction UP FROM SLAVERY Chapter I. A Slave Among Slaves Chapter II. Boyhood Days Chapter III. The Struggle For An Education Chapter IV. Helping Others Chapter V. The Reconstruction Period Chapter VI. Black Race And Red Race Chapter VII. Early Days At Tuskegee Chapter VIII. Teaching School In A Stable And A Hen-House Chapter IX. Anxious Days And Sleepless Nights Chapter X. A Harder Task Than Making Bricks Without Straw Chapter XI. Making Their Beds Before They Could Lie On Them Chapter XII. Raising Money Chapter XIII. Two Thousand Miles For A Five-Minute Speech Chapter XIV. The Atlanta Exposition Address Chapter XV. The Secret Of Success In Public Speaking Chapter XVI. Europe Chapter XVII. Last Words

UP FROM SLAVERY:

Preface

This volume is the outgrowth of a series of articles, dealing with incidents in my life, which were published consecutively in the Outlook. While they were appearing in that magazine I was constantly surprised at the number of requests which came to me from all parts of the country, asking that the articles be permanently preserved in book form. I am most grateful to the Outlook for permission to gratify these requests.

I have tried to tell a simple, straightforward story, with no attempt at embellishment. My regret is that what I have attempted to do has been done so imperfectly. The greater part of my time and strength is required for the executive work connected with the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, and in securing the money necessary for the support of the institution. Much of what I have said has been written on board trains, or at hotels or railroad stations while I have been waiting for trains, or during the moments that I could spare from my work while at Tuskegee. Without the painstaking and generous assistance of Mr. Max Bennett Thrasher I could not have succeeded in any satisfactory degree.

Introduction

The details of Mr. Washington’s early life, as frankly set down in “Up from Slavery,” do not give quite a whole view of his education. He had the training that a coloured youth receives at Hampton, which, indeed, the autobiography does explain. But the reader does not get his intellectual pedigree, for Mr. Washington himself, perhaps, does not as clearly understand it as another man might. The truth is he had a training during the most impressionable period of his life that was very extraordinary, such a training as few men of his generation have had. To see its full meaning one must start in the Hawaiian Islands half a century or more ago.* There Samuel Armstrong, a youth of missionary parents, earned enough money to pay his expenses at an American college. Equipped with this small sum and the earnestness that the undertaking implied, he came to Williams College when Dr. Mark Hopkins was president. Williams College had many good things for youth in that day, as it has in this, but the greatest was the strong personality of its famous president. Every student does not profit by a great teacher; but perhaps no young man ever came under the influence of Dr. Hopkins, whose whole nature was so ripe for profit by such an experience as young Armstrong. He lived in the family of President Hopkins, and thus had a training that was wholly out of the common; and this training had much to do with the development of his own strong character, whose originality and force we are only beginning to appreciate.