The Ethics of Diet

This e-text is based on ‘The Ethics of Diet,’ from 1883. Inconsistent and uncommon spelling and hyphenation have been retained; punctuation and typographical errors have been corrected. Quotations, particularly in languages other than English, have not been changed. Some footnote anchors are missing in the original text. They have been restored in the position where they make sense on the page in question.

The succession of chapter titles in the table of contents has been rearranged for chapters XLIII.–XLVII. to match the order of chapters printed in the text. Neither the author Louis Lémery, referred to in the index, nor any of his works could be located in the text; the reference has been retained, though.

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THE ETHICS OF DIET.

A Catena OF AUTHORITIES DEPRECATORY OF THE PRACTICE OF FLESH-EATING.

BY HOWARD WILLIAMS, M.A.

“Man by Nature was never made to be a carnivorous animal, nor is he armed at all for prey and rapine.” --Ray.

“Hommes, soyez humains! c’est votre premier devoir. Quelle sagesse y-a-t-il pour vous hors de l’humanité?” --Rousseau.

“Der Mensch ist was er isst.” --German Proverb.

LONDON: F. PITMAN, 20, PATERNOSTER ROW; JOHN HEYWOOL, 11, PATERNOSTER BUILDINGS, MANCHESTER: JOHN HEYWOOD, DEANSGATE AND RIDGEFIELD.

1883.

[All Rights Reserved.]

CONTENTS.

CHAP. PAGE.

Preface i.-vi.

I. Hesiod 1

II. Pythagoras 4

III. Plato 12

IV. Ovid 23

V. Seneca 27

VI. Plutarch 41

VII. Tertullian 51

VIII. Clement of Alexandria 56

IX. Porphyry 63

X. Chrysostom 76

XI. Cornaro 83

XII. Thomas More 90

XIII. Montaigne 94

XIV. Gassendi 100

XV. Ray 106

XVI. Evelyn 107

XVII. Mandeville 113

XVIII. Gay 115

XIX. Cheyne 120

XX. Pope 128

XXI. Thomson 134

XXII. Hartley 138

XXIII. Chesterfield 139

XXIV. Voltaire 141

XXV. Haller 156

XXVI. Cocchi 157

XXVII. Rousseau 159

XXVIII. Linné 164

XXIX. Buffon 166

XXX. Hawkesworth 168

XXXI. Paley 169

XXXII. St. Pierre 173

XXXIII. Oswald 179

XXXIV. Hufeland 184

XXXV. Ritson 185

XXXVI. Nicholson 190

XXXVII. Abernethy 196

XXXVIII. Lambe 198

XXXIX. Newton 205

XL. Gleïzès 208

XLI. Shelley 218

XLII. Phillips 235

XLIII. Lamartine 245

XLIV. Michelet 252

XLV. Cowherd 258

XLVI. Metcalfe 260

XLVII. Graham 264

XLVIII. Struve 271

XLIX. Daumer 282

L. Schopenhauer 286

APPENDIX.

I. Hesiod 293

II. The Golden Verses 294

III. The Buddhist Canon 295

IV. Ovid 299

V. Musonius 303

VI. Lessio 305

VII. Cowley 308

VIII. Tryon 309

IX. Hecquet 314

X. Pope 318

XI. Chesterfield 320

XII. Jenyns 322

XIII. Pressavin 324

XIV. Schiller 326

XV. Bentham 327

XVI. Sinclair 329

XVII. Byron 331

PREFACE.