Scurvy, Past and Present

In this plain text version, bold script is denoted by =equals signs= and italic script by underscores. Underscores are also used with curly brackets to represent subscripted characters (e.g. CO_{2}). Text that was originally rendered in small capitals now appears in full capitals. Footnotes are located below the relevant paragraphs.

The book contains numerous spelling inconsistencies. No change has been made to those representing archaic spellings (e.g. 'somethimes', 'urin', 'feavers', 'joynts') and those occurring in quotations. Spelling variants occurring with similar frequency have been left in their original form (e.g. Röntgen/Roentgen, rachitic/rhachitic, albumen/albumin - the correct spellings is used for egg albumen but both are used randomly for serum/urine albumin). Most other spelling inconsistencies have been changed to the more-frequent or more-accurate form (e.g. twofold-->two-fold, guinea pig-->guinea-pig, oedema-->edema, neuroedema-->neuredema, gm.-->g., Luborsch-->Lubarsch, Bauman-->Baumann, McCluggage-->McClugage, Eijkmann-->Eijkman). Although the spelling of 'fæces' and its adjective 'fecal' is not consistent, the two spellings are used consistently throughout the book and therefore have not been altered. Similarly 'hemorrhage' and 'hemoglobin' are consistently spelt thus, while other words relating to blood consistently use the æ ligature, e.g. 'hæmatemesis', 'hæmatoma', 'hæmaturia', 'leukæmia', 'hyperæmia'.

Wrong or missing French accents and typos have been corrected where necessary. German expressions in the bibliography contain various apparent inconsistencies that have not been changed because of my unfamiliarity with the language and what was perhaps legitimate at the time of writing (e.g. 'Muench. med. Woch.', 'Muenchn. med. Woch.' and 'Muenschner med. Woch.'; 'Barlow'schen Krankheit' 'Moeller-Barlow'sche Krankheit', 'Moeller-Barlow'scher Krankheit', and 'Moeller-Barlowscher Krankheit'; 'Beiträge z.', 'Beitraege zur', 'Beitrag zur'). The term 'Gernest-mark' on p. 108 should probably be 'geruestmark' (or perhaps gerüstmark) as used elsewhere in the book (pp. 96, 107, 108 and 128).

The book also contains numerous hyphenation inconsistencies. Some of these have been altered to conform with the most common usage in the text, but most have not been changed because hyphenation is notoriously variable and subject to fashion.

Subheading use is somewhat inconsistent; for example, under the subheading 'Alimentary Tract' in chapter IV, there appear various non-alimentary items, and in the same chapter 'Microscopic Pathology' appears as a stand-alone subheading whilst its equivalent 'Gross Pathology' is relegated to a bold in-line paragraph introduction.

The bibliography contains two very similar references attributed to Gee. The second appears to be a duplicate of the first, but it is probable that the title is incorrect because the publication details (1889, XXV, 85) relate to a different paper by Gee entitled 'Bloody Urine the Only Sign of Infantile Scurvy', and although there are several comments in this book about scurvy and haematuria (blood in the urine), e.g. p. 204, none cite Gee's paper.

The second entry for Morse, J. L. in the bibliography should be numbered as (2) and the source should be Boston Med. and Surg. Journal, 1914, CLXX, 504. (not Jour. Am. Med. Assn.).

Inconsistent punctuation in the bibliography list has been corrected (e.g. semicolon-->colon).

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SCURVY

PAST AND PRESENT

BY

ALFRED F. HESS, M.D.

CLINICAL PROFESSOR OF PEDIATRICS, UNIVERSITY AND BELLEVUE HOSPITAL MEDICAL COLLEGE, NEW YORK CITY

ILLUSTRATED

[Illustration]

PHILADELPHIA AND LONDON J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY

COPYRIGHT, 1920, BY J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY

PRINTED BY J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY AT THE WASHINGTON SQUARE PRESS PHILADELPHIA, U. S. A.

PREFACE