Rome

Inconsistent hyphenation and spelling in the original document have been preserved. Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.

[Illustration: MARBLE RELIEF OF THE AMBARVALIA SACRIFICE, IN THE FORUM

The sacrifice of the suovetaurilia took place at the confines of Rome and Alba Longa after the perlustration of the Roman ager. See pages 15, 70.]

ROME . PAINTED BY ALBERTO PISA . TEXT BY M. A. R. TUKER AND HOPE MALLESON PUBLISHED BY ADAM & CHARLES BLACK . SOHO SQUARE . LONDON . W.

Published April 1905

The twelve chapters in this book were all written for the present volume, but Chapters III., V., VIII., part of XI., and IX. have already been published in the Monthly Review, Broad Views, Macmillan's Magazine, and the Hibbert Journal.

So much has been written about Rome and Roman subjects within the last decade, good bad and indifferent, that the task of avoiding as far as possible hackneyed ground is not an easy one. We have attempted to present some aspects of Rome as we have ourselves seen it, and we have drawn on our long acquaintance with the city and above all with its inhabitants of the old school and the new.

Each chapter is the work of one writer.

ROME, 1905.

Contents

PAGE CHAPTER I ROME 1

CHAPTER II ROMAN BUILDING AND DECORATION 17

CHAPTER III THE ROMAN CATACOMBS 41

CHAPTER IV ROMAN REGIONS AND GUILDS 52

CHAPTER V THE ROMAN CAMPAGNA 69

CHAPTER VI THE ROMAN MENAGE 93

CHAPTER VII THE ROMAN PEOPLE-- I. The Italians 112 II. The Romans 125

CHAPTER VIII ROMAN PRINCELY FAMILIES 159

CHAPTER IX ROMAN RELIGION 180

CHAPTER X THE ROMAN CARDINAL 200

CHAPTER XI ROME BEFORE 1870 212

CHAPTER XII THE ROMAN QUESTION-- I. Before 1870 235 II. Since 1870 245

List of Illustrations

1. Marble relief of the Ambarvalia Sacrifice, in the Forum Frontispiece

TO FACE PAGE

2. The Forum from the Arch of Septimius Severus 4

3. The Forum, looking towards the Capitol 8

4. Temple of Saturn from the Basilica Julia in the Forum 12

5. S. Peter's and Castel Sant' Angelo from the Tiber 16

6. Temple of Saturn from the Portico of the Dii Consentes 18

7. A Corner of the Forum from the base of the Temple of Saturn 20

8. Temple of Mars Ultor 24

9. Temple of Vespasian from the Portico of the Dii Consentes 26

10. The Colosseum on a Spring Day 30

11. The Colosseum at Sunset 34

12. Arch of Titus 38

13. A Procession in the Catacomb of Callistus 42

14. Flavian Basilica on the Palatine 44

15. Library of the House of Domitian on the Palatine 50

16. Forum of Nerva 54

17. Fountain of Trevi 56

18. Column of Marcus Aurelius, Piazza Colonna 58

19. Pantheon, a flank view 62

20. Silversmiths' Arch in the Velabrum 64

21. Convent Garden of San Cosimato, Vicovaro 68

22. A Tract of the Claudian Aqueduct outside the City 72

23. Campagna Romana, from Tivoli 76

24. Subiaco from the Monastery of S. Benedict 78

25. Garden of the Monastery of Santa Scholastica, Subiaco 82

26. Holy Stairs at the Sagro Speco 86

27. Little Gleaner in the Campagna 90

28. Sea-horse Fountain in the Villa Borghese 94

29. Ornamental Water, Villa Borghese 98

30. Village Street at Anticoli, in the Sabine Hills 100

31. Villa d'Este, Tivoli 106

32. In Villa Borghese 110

33. The "Spanish Steps," Piazza di Spagna 114

34. At the Foot of the Spanish Steps, Piazza di Spagna, on a Wet Day 118

35. Roman Peasant carrying Copper Water Pot 122

36. Chapel of the Passion in the Church of San Clemente 126

37. A Rustic Dwelling in the Roman Campagna 128

38. Procession with the Host at Subiaco 130

39. Girl selling Birds in the Via del Campidoglio 134