Makers of Modern Medicine

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By the Same author.

Catholic Churchmen in Science. Cloth, gilt top, with portraits. The Dolphin Press, Philadelphia, 1906. $1.00, net.

History of the Medical Society of the State of New York (appearing serially in New York State Journal of Medicine, beginning February, 1906).

In Press.

The Thirteenth the Greatest of Centuries.

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The Popes in Medical History.

In Collaboration.

Essays in Pastoral Medicine. O'Malley and Walsh. Longmans, Green & Co., New York, 1906. $2.50, net.

[Illustration: PASTEUR]

MAKERS of Modern Medicine

BY

JAMES J. WALSH, M.D., Ph.D., LL.D.

ACTING DEAN AND PROFESSOR OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND OF NERVOUS DISEASES, FORDHAM UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOOL, AND ADJUNCT PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE AT THE NEW YORK POLYCLINIC SCHOOL FOR GRADUATES IN MEDICINE; PROFESSOR OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY AT ST. FRANCIS XAVIER'S COLLEGE IN NEW YORK.

FORDHAM UNIVERSITY PRESS

NEW YORK

1907

COPYRIGHT, 1907,

FORDHAM UNIVERSITY PRESS,

NEW YORK.

TO

DR. WILLIAM OSLER

WHO EXEMPLIFIES FOR THIS GENERATION THE FINEST QUALITIES OF THESE MAKERS OF OUR MODERN MEDICINE, THIS VOLUME IS WITH HIS KIND PERMISSION DEDICATED AS A SLIGHT TOKEN OF THE ADMIRATION OF A DISTANT DISCIPLE.

"If in some things I dissent from others, whose wit, industry, diligence and judgment I look up at and admire, let me not therefore hear presently of ingratitude and rashness. For I thank those that have taught me, and will ever; but yet dare not think the scope of their labor and inquiry was to envy their posterity what they also could add and find out. If I err, pardon me. I do not desire to be equal with those that went before; but to have my reasons examined with theirs, and so much faith to be given them, or me, as those shall evict. I am neither author or fautor of any sect. I will have no man addict himself to me; but if I have anything right, defend it as Truth's, not mine, save as it conduceth to a common good. It profits not me to have any man fence or fight for me, to follow or take my part. Stand for truth, and 'tis enough."

{vii}

PREFACE.

The present volume is published at the solicitation of many friends who have read the articles contained in it as they appeared at various times in magazines and who deemed that they were worth preservation in a more permanent form. The only possible claim for its filling a want lies in the fact that it presents these workers in medicine not only as scientists but also and especially as men, in relation to their environment, social, religious and educational. I have to thank the editors of the Messenger, Donahoe's Magazine, The Catholic World and the Records of the American Catholic Historical Society, for permission to reprint the articles which appeared in their periodicals.

The opening chapter, The Making of Medicine, is an abstract from the introductory lecture of the course in the history of medicine at the Fordham University Medical School, New York. Much of the material for the article on the Irish School of Medicine was gathered for a lecture before the Historical Club of Johns Hopkins University and the District Medical Society of the District of Columbia. The sketch of the life of Dr. Jenner has not hitherto been published. All of the other articles have been considerably lengthened and revised.